At present, silica gel has been widely used in all walks of life, and the application of silica gel in petrochemical, pharmaceutical, food, ink, and agriculture has developed rapidly. Silica gel has stable chemical properties, high adsorption performance, good thermal stability, and high mechanical strength. It is a highly active porous material. There are many silica gel production methods, and the sol-gel method using sodium silicate and inorganic acid as raw materials is the most widely used. Silica gel modification includes silica gel pore expansion and silica gel loading. Modified silica gel has excellent performance and wider application. For example, silica gel-loaded metal nickel is a good adsorbent for removing nitrogen compounds in oil products. The effect of silica gel adsorption and denitrification is different with different metal loading, adsorption temperature, and adsorption time.
The flame-retardant foamed silica gel uses platinum (Pt) as a catalyst, and the environmentally friendly flame-retardant silica gel foam (SiFs) is prepared by dehydrogenation method. The fire hazard is analyzed by the cone calorimeter test method, and the limit oxygen index, smoke density The catalyst Pt and the flame retardant ultrafine aluminum hydroxide (ATH), ultrafine calcium carbonate (CC), ultrafine magnesium hydroxide (MDH) and aluminum hydroxide/calcium carbonate (ATH/CC) were studied by means of thermal analysis and other methods. Effects on flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal decomposition properties of SiFs. The results of the study show that the fire safety of SiFs is superior to that of polyurethane (PU) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) materials.
The more the foaming flame retardant silicone flame retardant is added, the better the flame retardant effect, and the SiFs with ATH added has the best flame retardant performance. ATH and MDH have excellent smoke suppression properties, but the mechanical properties of SiFs added with ATH and MDH decrease with the increase of the addition amount. In addition, Pt and flame-retardant fillers can affect the initial pyrolysis temperature of SiFs and slow down the thermal decomposition process. The Pt content has a significant effect on the flame retardancy and thermal decomposition characteristics of SiFs. When the mass fraction of Pt is 0.6% and 0.9%, the flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance of SiFs are better. When the mass fraction of Pt is 0.9%, the initial decomposition temperature of SiF is the highest, and the thermal stability is good.
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